Effect of chemical additives on the freezing characteristics of clayey soils

Abstract

Some regions in Kazakhstan and Russia have a long winter season. On average, the ice freezes is in early December and the end of March. In this study, the authors investigate the different type of soil, four specimens of soil with different engineering characteristics and soil classification by a unified classification method. The freezing test was carried out for four sorts of classified samples CL by the Unification Classifications (USCS). The temperature change of the specimens and change condition of the outside freezing temperature, appear the amount of frost heaving. During the experiments the authors used the sample of soils - marine clay, containing chemical additives– ash 4%, 6%, 8% and only clay. The frost test equipment consists of a sample loading part, water supply part and a measuring device for heaving the amount and atmospheric pressure. The measuring part is a load cell for measuring the pressure and holder Linear Variable Differential Transformers (LVDT) for measuring the swelling amount of the same phase. The boundary temperature condition was at -12°C. The temperature of 1 cm deep at the surface of the specimen was 0°C and the inside temperature of the experiment was changed to -3°C. As a results, for the TRRL standard it was found out that the minimum heaving amount is 0,5 mm during 48 h, which has clay with chemical additives ash 8%, and maximum heaving amount is 4 mm during 48 h, which contains clay without chemical additives.