STUDY OF THE SOIL COVER OF ECOSYSTEMS OF THE CHINGIRLAUS DISTRICT OF THE WESTERN KAZAKHSTAN REGION ON THE BASIS OF THE APPLICATION OF GIS TECHNOLOGIES

Abstract

Preservation and improvement of soil fertility is the main part of the general problem of rational use of land resources, increasing productivity and improving the soil ecology of agricultural landscapes. Rational use and protection of soils in market conditions requires adequate application of new scientific and methodological approaches. One of such systematic-analytical methods of soil cadastre organizations is a combination of traditional terrestrial methods with technologies of geoinformation systems (GIS). The study of the current state of the soil cover and the compilation of a soil map of the Chingirlau district of the West Kazakhstan region on the basis of applying GIS technologies. In the study area, dark chestnut soils are formed in the soil cover in combination with various soil combinations. They are formed in the conditions of the dry steppe zone, with the non-wash type of water regime, under the haymooth, meadow-grass, herbaceous-fat-grass, black-wormwood-meadow and meadowwhite-wormwood-kokpekovic plant communities, on loesslike loams. The aggregate of information necessary for mapping soil cover patterns and their quantification has been described in GIS databases. Data integration has been realized through the spatial and attributive component in the form of: the results of topographic and thematic maps. At the same time, the creation of attributive GIS databases involves the digitization of thematic maps tied into a single cartographic projection (as a topographic map with a scale of 1: 50 000). As a result of the study, thematic maps and attributive databases of GIS of soils were formed. As a result of research, based on GIS technology, a digital soil map of the Chingirlau district of the West Kazakhstan region has been developed using the ArcGIS software product.