Comparative analysis of the main R&D indicators in OECD countries and Kazakhstan

Abstract

In this article, author analyzes the research and development (R&D) indicators of Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) member countries and the Republic of Kazakhstan. R&D is the main driver of innovation, so R&D expenditure is a key indicators used to monitor resources devoted to science and technology worldwide. This paper outlines topical issues of foreign experience in financing research and development on the example of OECD countries. The following tasks were set in this research: to do a comparative analysis of R&D financing in mentioned countries and reveal the leading countries; identify a number of patterns inherent in OECD countries and Kazakhstan in recent times. The study is based on statistical analysis of expenditures on R&D of countries and its structures, such as total, government, high education, and business expenditures. In addition, author use data from Global Innovation Index and ranking of top 100 innovative universities by Reuters. The results suggest that countries that pay great attention to R&D financing are on leading positions in the world, and these countries have formed the best innovative universities in the world that are engaged in the latest developments and work at the forefront of science and technological progress, which stimulates the economy to grow.