Аннотации:
The introduction of Building Norms in construction in Republic of Kazakhstan taking
into consideration principles of Eurocode «Geotechnics-7” in 2015-20 predetermines necessity
of revision and clarification of provision of building codes and national standards for the design
ground foundations. Building norms of foundation design developed nearly 40 years ago for
the vast territory of the USSR taken without considering the behavior of soil conditions on
the territory of Kazakhstan. The following article represents results obtained from foundation
bearing capacity analysis carried out by international and Kazakhstani researchers. Evaluation
of soil bearing capacity, that are used in USA and Europe, are based on Terzaghi-Prandl solution
and that of Meyerhof. The solutions considered in this article based on premise of stiff wedge
propagation under foundation base made of compacted soil. Advancing of following wedge further
down impacts on surrounding soil and pushes it to ultimate state. The design of basements and
foundations in Kazakhstan is planning to shift to Eurocode “Geotechnics-7”, in that case, approach
of foreign researches will be used. In studies, conducted by the authors, there is an analysis of
the differences between the regulations and principles of design in Eurocode. When determining
the bearing capacity according to Eurocode «Geotechnics - 7», calculation is based on bearing
capacity, and then is validated by the strain. In Kazakhstan’s building norms, the procedure
requires first calculation of the strains, and only in certain cases, bearing capacity check
takes place. Comparing methods to determine the limit pressure to the soil, we note that our
regulatory documents used solutions of limit equilibrium theory, suggesting that the entire soil
under the foundation is in the process of plastic flow. The paper presents comparative calculations
of bearing capacity of shallow and pile foundations for engineering-geological conditions of the
site for the city of Karaganda. Results of geological engineering survey analysis represent that the
foundation soil in many design parameters are different. In recent years, the government has
set a problem for building committee to adapt existing regulations to the basic principles of
basement and foundations design of Eurocode «Geotechnics-7». Thus, to shift to the main aspects
of international norms, it is necessary to adapt basic principles of basement and foundation
design. Taking into account particular geological conditions on the vast territory of Kazakhstan,
design characteristics of foundation soils needs to adapt as well.
