Abstract:
The article is devoted to the study of spring wheat varieties
cultivated in the steppe area of North-Eastern Kazakhstan and their resistance
to the main pests. The dynamics of the number and phenology of spring
wheat phytophages were investigated in relation to the varietal and climatic
characteristics of agricultural production. Modern spring wheat varieties'
resistance to the main pests was evaluated in the area of study for the first
time. In the course of studying the harmfulness of pest complexes for the
studied varieties, three-point mobile scales were used for the first time. They
made it possible to identify patterns of varieties damage according to
different pest numbers. Reliable differences of nine varieties with respect to
the uptake of spring wheat by major pests, as well as their harmfulness, were
established. 'Triso', 'Likamero', and 'Kurier' varieties with group resistance to
them were identified. An economic evaluation of resistant spring wheat
varieties was provided. The study used a three-point evaluation method with
moving score limits to identify spring wheat varieties that were settled and
damaged by pests. It enables the estimation of varieties with different
background densities of insects and the comparison of data from different
soil-climatic zones. The analysis of the obtained results confirms the high
economic efficiency of pest-resistant varieties cultivation and the role of
these varieties in the phytosanitary stabilization of agrobiocenoses and
environmental protection. The results of the research could be used in the
zoning of spring wheat varieties. Identified cultivars with group-based pest
resistance might be used as donors for new breeding varieties.
