Abstract:
We present a review of Orchidaceae Juss. of the northern part of Kazakhstan, within
the steppe, forest-steppe and semi-desert habitats of the country (Pavlodar, northern
Kazakhstan, Kostanay, Akmola, Aktobe, West Kazakhstan, partially Karaganda and East
Kazakhstan regions). The investigation is based on herbarium materials, literature data
and field observations. We examined material from the following herbarium collections:
LE, MW, TK, MHA, SVER, KUZ, ALTB, AA, NUR, KG, KSPI, NS, NSK, MOSP, ORIS, PPIU,
totalling 288 herbarium specimens. The paper presents data in the form of revision,
focusing on orchids of the northern part of Kazakhstan. It is accompanied by maps
indicating localities, notes on habitat preferences, phenology and conservation status.
A total of 25 species of 16 genera were recorded, of which eight are included in the Red
Book of Kazakhstan (2014). According to our data, we propose to enlarge the number
of protected orchids by adding the following nine species: Corallorhiza trifida, Epipactis
atrorubens, Gymnadenia conopsea, Hammarbya paludosa, Herminium monorchis, Liparis
loeselii, Malaxis monophyllos, Neottia camtschatea and Spiranthes australis. The most
widespread species in the studied region are Dactylorhiza incarnata, D. umbrosa and
Epipactis palustris. The rarest species (single locality only) are Epipactis atrorubens,
E. helleborine, Epipogium aphyllum, Hammarbya paludosa and Herminium monorchis.
