Abstract:
The relevance of the research is determined by the development and
formation of the Korean diaspora in Kazakhstan in the 19-20th centuries which has
become a stable component of the demographic, socio-economic, political, and cultural
life of the republic, showing an example of a successful adaptation of an ethnic group
in a foreign cultural environment. While studying the presented problem, we relied on
works and documents, having studied which we were able to trace the processes of
resettlement and adaptation of Koreans on the territory of Kazakhstan. The article
highlights the stages of resettlement and adaptation of Koreans in Kazakhstan in the
pre-revolutionary era, in the early years of Soviet power, during the deportation period
in 1937-1938, and in the post-war years. Along with the stages of resettlement and
the number of migrants, the types of adaptation are described in detail: economic,
social, and cultural. The process of development of agriculture by Koreans in
Kazakhstan, in particular rice farming, as well as fishing, is shown. Household
adaptation is described in detail, which provided for the construction of dwellings
adapted to the natural and climatic conditions of Kazakhstan, and the creation of
Korean settlements. Attention is also paid to cultural and educational adaptation: the
emergence of schools and other educational institutions, theaters, and the development
of literature and periodicals. The socio-cultural relations of migrants with the indigenous
population are highlighted. In conclusion, the conclusion is presented that, despite
various historical events, Koreans were able to adapt to local conditions and actively
engage in creative work for the development of Kazakhstan. When studying the
history of the formation and development of the Koreans of Kazakhstan at the end of
the 19-20th centuries, and the peculiarities of its cultural and social development, it is
necessary to consider the basic layer of mentality that developed in the historical
conditions of the former places of residence, as well as the ideological traits acquired in
the tsarist and Soviet times. The Korean diaspora of Kazakhstan in the process of its
development and formation at the end of the 19-20th centuries turned into a stable
component of the demographic, socio-economic, political, and cultural life of the
republic, showing an example of the successful adaptation of an ethnic group in a
foreign cultural environment. The materials are of practical value since the application
of this experience by the government will undoubtedly become the basis for practical
application in the field of creating an atmosphere of interethnic harmony.
